How do hard drusen typically appear?

Hard drusen are typically characterized by their discrete and well-demarcated appearance. These small, round yellowish-white lesions are found beneath the retinal pigment epithelium and are an important finding in the assessment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Their well-defined borders make them distinguishable from other types of drusen, such as soft drusen, which tend to be larger and have less distinct borders. The clarity of their separation from surrounding retinal structures aids in diagnosis and monitoring progression of retinal conditions. Understanding the specific features of hard drusen can assist in clinical evaluations and help in the management and treatment of AMD and other retinal diseases.