In patients receiving anti-VEGF therapy, what factor is believed to influence treatment response significantly?

The influence of the vitreoretinal interface on treatment response in patients receiving anti-VEGF therapy is significant due to its role in the pathology of various retinal conditions, particularly in conditions like age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and choroidal neovascularization (CNV). An optimal vitreoretinal interface can enhance the effectiveness of anti-VEGF injections by ensuring proper drug delivery and absorption at the site of action.

When the vitreoretinal interface is compromised, such as in cases of vitreous traction or epiretinal membranes, it can lead to suboptimal treatment outcomes because these factors may hinder effective drug distribution or may contribute to ongoing pathology despite treatment. Thus, a healthy interface is crucial for maximizing the therapeutic effects of anti-VEGF agents.

The other factors listed, such as patient age, underlying retinal condition, and severity of AMD, while they may play a role in overall management and prognosis, do not have the same direct mechanical and pharmacodynamic impact on the effectiveness of anti-VEGF therapy as the condition of the vitreoretinal interface does.