What does the regimen in AREDS1 include to prevent zinc-induced anemia?

The regimen in AREDS1, which stands for the Age-Related Eye Disease Study, is designed to reduce the risk of progression to advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD). A key component of this study is its supplementation formulation, which aims to provide specific nutrients that are beneficial for eye health.

The correct choice, which includes Vitamin C and Vitamin E, points to the antioxidant properties of these vitamins. Both vitamins can contribute to protecting the retina from damage caused by oxidative stress, a factor that is implicated in the progression of AMD. Their presence in the regimen helps support overall eye health without exacerbating conditions like zinc-induced anemia, which can occur when zinc is taken without balancing nutrients that support iron absorption.

Zinc can interfere with iron metabolism, potentially leading to anemia if not counterbalanced with appropriate vitamins and minerals. Therefore, including antioxidants such as Vitamin C and Vitamin E helps maintain a favorable nutrient balance that can prevent complications associated with higher zinc intake while still offering protective benefits for retinal health.

The other options, while they include various nutrients, do not align with the established regimen outlined in AREDS1 for eye health and anemia prevention related to zinc supplementation.