What type of membrane formation occurs in Wet AMD?

In Wet Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD), the formation of a choroidal neovascular membrane is a key pathological feature. This type of membrane arises due to the abnormal growth of blood vessels from the choroid layer through Bruch's membrane and into the retinal space. The presence of these newly formed blood vessels can lead to fluid leakage and bleeding, which significantly contributes to vision loss in patients with Wet AMD.

This neovascularization is a response to hypoxia in the retina, prompting the release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and other signaling molecules that stimulate the growth of these abnormal blood vessels. The choroidal neovascular membrane is characterized by its fragility and can lead to the accumulation of fluid and scar tissue, ultimately resulting in damage to the overlying retinal cells.

Other membranes mentioned, such as scar tissue membranes, epiretinal membranes, and Bruch's membrane, do not specifically represent the hallmark of pathology in Wet AMD. While they may be observed in different retinal conditions, they do not capture the essence of what occurs in Wet AMD, particularly the neovascular alterations critical to the disease's progression and associated vision loss.